CDMA
Code Division Multiple Access
An air interface technology that was developed by the U.S. military and commercialized by the U.S. company Qualcomm. CDMA assigns a code to all speech bits, sends a scrambled transmission of the encoded speech over the air and reassembles the speech to its original form at the other end. CDMA supports SMS with a message length of 120 characters. With CDMA, each conversation is digitized and then tagged with a code. The mobile phone receives a signal to locate that particular code and it then deciphers the conversation off the airwaves. It codes each conversation expanding it 128 times, making it easy to decipher at the receiving end.
  
Short dictionary of the CDMA terms
MIN - Mobile Identification Number, this, along with the ESN is used to identify the mobile as a customer to the network.
ESN - Electronic Serial Number, this is used along with the MIN to identify the mobile as a customer with the network, is presented in DEC and HEX formats, and the algorithm is not the same to convert HEX to DEC and vice versa as a normal base conversion. Each time a call is placed, the ESN is automatically transmitted to the base station so the wireless carrier's mobile switching office can check the call's validity.
SID - System IDentification number, is all the base stations considered to constitute a cellular system. Indicates what set of towers are currently used.
NID - Network IDentification number, is a subset of the base stations which comprise a cellular system.
NAM - Number assignment Module, is the electronic memory in the cellular phone that stores the telephone number and an electronic serial number.
PRL - Preferred Roaming List, defines the priority on which networks should be used when not in the home system. Stored in phone's memory as a special file.
MEID - Mobile Equipment Identity.
An ID number that is globally unique for each new CDMA mobile phone in the world. It identifies that phone to the network, and can be used to flag stolen or lost phones.
MEID is a replacement for ESN (electronic serial number). MEID began replacing ESN in 2005.
ESN numbers are 32-bit, while MEID numbers are 56-bit.
A 32-bit ESN means there are only 4 billion unique ESN numbers. Combined with other constraints, enough CDMA phones were produced by the end of 2005 that the industry started to run out of unique ESNs.
With 56 bits, MEID provides for over 16 million times as many unique numbers as with the ESN system, ensuring the world will not run out of numbers again.
MEID is equivalent to IMEI for GSM and WCDMA phones. MEID is also designed to be compatible with IMEI for phones that include both CDMA and GSM/WCDMA technology.
AKEY – is the name of the authentication system that is used by the AMPS/DAMPS networks. Actually the AKEY is 8 bytes code that is stored in the cell phone memory and it's unique for each unit. AKEY along with SSD key is used to identify the mobile as a customer to the network.
SSD – is the name of the authentication system that is used by the AMPS/DAMPS networks.
MSL - Master Subsidy Lock code - provides access to higher programming areas.
MSN - Mobile Subscriber Number – the personal phone number.
MSID - Mobile Subscriber IDentifier - how the phone is identified to the towers and network.
MVNO- Mobile Virtual Network Operator - Like Amp'd, they own no cell sites but use other's networks to provide service.
IMSI - A unique 15-digit number which designates the subscriber. This number is used for provisioning in network elements.
NAM - Number assignment Module, is the electronic memory in the cellular phone that stores the telephone number and an electronic serial number.
EV-DO – (Evolution Data Optimized EVDO) (Evolution Data Optimized) – the third generation technology of CDMA 2000 mobile networks (3G). It provides a high-speed data transfer on bandwidth 1.25MHz. It's based on the 1xRTT standard, which is available in almost all cell phone coverage areas and provides Internet speeds of about 2-3 times that of dial-up (about 60K-100K).
Chap_ss – phone parameter that is required for EVDO.
FOTA - Firmware Over The Air.
SmartMoto and CDMA handsets
In order to access CDMA section of SmartMoto please select Smart-Clip USB port (CDMA) in Phone Connection.
Connection Procedure
- Connect power to Smart-Clip and connect it to PC.
- Connect S-Card to PC USB port.
- Power ON the phone.
- Launch SmartMoto, select connection mode Smart-Clip USB port (CDMA).
- Connect phone to the Smart-Clip USB port using appropriate USB data cable.
- Press Search button.
- The handset gets detected and SmartMoto indicates the following information:
- Model
- IMEI
- ESN
- MEID
- PRL
- User code
- Security code
- Firmware
- Flex version
- Technology
- The phone is ready for Backup/Restore/Flash operations.
Service tab
This tab provides the following service options.
- Restart phone – restart the handset automatically by means of software.
- Reset user code – set default value of the user code.
- Reset security code – set default value of the security code.
- Backup A-key settings – read and save to PC A-key settings.
- Restore A-key settings – load A-key settings back to the phone.
- Backup SSD settings – read and save to PC SSD settings.
- Restore SSD settings – load SSD settings back to the phone.
- Backup PRL settings – read and save to PC PRL settings.
- Restore PRL settings – load PRL settings back to the phone.
- EVDO setting – Read and write EVDO settings.
ESN tab
This tab provides the opportunity for performing the following functions.
- Enter flash mode – turn the phone to flash mode automatically by means of software.
- Restore ESN – type the original ESN into a field and press Restore ESN button.
- Restore MEID – type the original MEID into a field and press Restore MEID button.
- Restore IMEI – type the original IMEI into a field and press Restore IMEI button.
- Patch Phone – some phone models require to be patched before restoring the ESN/MEID/IMEI.
Backup tab
This tab allows performing Backup/Restore phone's full flash.
- Enter flash mode – turn the phone to flash mode automatically by means of software.
- Browse – find the required file that has to be restored to the phone.
- Backup phone flash – read and save to PC full phone's firmware.
- Restore phone flash – load selected phone's firmware back to the phone.
Restore options
- Force simple write mode (slower) – slower but more stable way of writing flash into the phone.
- Overwrite boot area – replace original boot in the phone with boot from flash file. This option has to be used by advanced users only. Incorrect use of this option can seriously harm the phone.
- Ignore bad sectors – use this option only for restore original backup when the phone memory contains bad sectors. Otherwise it will not be possible to restore backup.
Flash tab
This tab provides options for flashing the phone.
- Enter flash mode – turn the phone to flash mode automatically by means of software.
- Browse – find the required file that has to be flashed to the phone.
- Write flash – load selected flash file into the phone.
Flash options
- Force simple write mode (slower) – slower but more stable way of writing flash into the phone.
- Overwrite boot area – replace original boot in the phone with boot from flash file. This option has. to be used by advanced users only. Incorrect use of this option can seriously harm the phone.
- Skip firmware mismatch confirmation – skip firmware matching check.
- Turn phone off after flashing – turn the phone off automatically by means of firmware right after flashing.
- Ignore bad sectors – use this option only for restore original backup when the phone memory contains bad sectors. Otherwise it will not be possible to restore backup.
Smart-Clip tab
This tab provides settings and options for Smart-Clip to PC connection.
How to replace an old active mobile with the new one
- Connect old mobile to Smart-Clip and SmartMoto (please check Connection Procedure description).
- Read phone information, copy Security Code and ESN for your records.
- Backup A-key, SSD and PRL.
- Disconnect phone and type the code #073887* to enter the service menu.
- Enter Security Code.
- Find in the menu MIN with IMSI and save them for your records.
- Turn the phone off.
- Connect new phone to Smart-Clip and SmartMoto (please check Connection Procedure description).
- Restore ESN from old phone to it.
- Type from the keypad the code #073887* to enter the service menu.
- Enter Security Code.
- Type MIN with IMSI from the old phone.
- Restore the A-key, SSD and PRL that was backed up form the old phone.
- Reload and disconnect the phone.
- New handset is ready for use.
Note
Please remember that after replacing the old handset with new one, the old phone should not be turned ON again, otherwise that can cause these two phones to be blocked by network provider.
Clone/Cloning – a process of programming a wireless phone with stolen or duplicated electronic serial and mobile identification numbers. The Wireless Telephone Protection Act of 1998 outlawed cloning. The Act prohibits knowingly using, producing, trafficking in, having control or custody of, or possessing hardware or software knowing that it has been configured to insert or modify telecommunication identifying information associated with or contained in a telecommunications instrument so that such instrument may be used to obtain telecommunications service without authorization.
How to flash CDMA phone
Flashing procedure of CDMA phone is the same as for GSM handsets.
- Connect the phone to SmartMoto (please check Connection Procedure description).
- Log to Flash tab.
- Press Browse and locate required flash file.
- Press "Write flash" button.
- Flash procedure is being performed. The message "Flash completed: informs that process is finished.
- Disconnect phone.
Warning
If the phone's memory contains bad sectors - flashing with *.mbk, *.mfw flash files may cause irreversible changes in the firmware, so the phone will become non-functional!
It's strictly recommended to save a backup copy of the phone's firmware before flashing then the phone can be restored to its previous state. It will be impossible to restore the phone back to the functional state without original backup.
How to backup phone's flash
- Connect the phone to SmartMoto (please check Connection Procedure description).
- Log to Backup tab.
- Press "Backup phone flash".
- Locate the drive where the file has to be saved and press Save.
- The message "Backup saved" informs that process completed successfully.
- Disconnect phone.
How to restore backup
- Connect the phone to SmartMoto (please check Connection Procedure description).
- Log to Backup tab.
- Press "Browse" to locate stored backup.
- Press "Restore phone flash".
- The message "Flash completed" informs that process finished successfully.
- Disconnect phone.
Note
In order to restore original backup to the phone with bad sectors in memory – the option "Ignore bad sectors" must be marked. Otherwise it won't be possible to restore the backup.
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